Dios cuida y guía a su pueblo
SALMO 78 (77)
(1a) Himno de Asaf.
1 1 (1b) Pueblo mío,
escucha mis enseñanzas;
atiende a mis palabras.
2 Te hablaré por medio de ejemplos,
y te explicaré los misterios del pasado.
3 Son cosas que ya conocemos
pues nuestros padres nos las contaron.
4 Pero nuestros hijos deben conocerlas;
debemos hablarles a nuestros nietos
del poder de Dios
y de sus grandes acciones;
¡de las maravillas que puede realizar!
5 Dios fijó una ley permanente
para su pueblo Israel,
y a nuestros abuelos les ordenó
instruir en ella a sus hijos,
6 para que ellos, a su vez,
nos instruyeran a nosotros
y a las futuras generaciones
que todavía no han nacido.
7 Así confiaremos en Dios,
tendremos presentes sus grandes hechos
y cumpliremos sus mandamientos.
8 Así no seremos rebeldes,
como lo fueron nuestros abuelos:
tan malvados eran sus pensamientos
que Dios no podía confiar en ellos.
9 Los israelitas eran buenos guerreros,
pero se acobardaron
y no entraron en batalla.
10 No cumplieron su compromiso con Dios,
ni siguieron sus enseñanzas.
11-12 Cuando estaban en Egipto,
en la región de Soan,
vieron las grandes maravillas
que Dios realizó ante sus ojos,
pero no las tomaron en cuenta.
13 Dios partió el mar en dos,
y para que ellos pudieran cruzar,
mantuvo las aguas firmes como paredes.
14 De día, los guiaba con una nube;
de noche, los alumbraba con un fuego.
15-16 Cuando llegaron al desierto,
Dios partió en dos una piedra;
¡de ella hizo que brotaran
verdaderos torrentes de agua,
y así apagaron su sed!
17 Pero nuestros abuelos
volvieron a pecar contra Dios:
¡en pleno desierto se pusieron
en contra del Dios altísimo!
18 Se les metió en la cabeza
poner a Dios a prueba,
y le pidieron comida a su antojo.
19 Hablaron mal de Dios,
y hasta llegaron a decir:
«Aquí en el desierto
Dios no puede darnos de comer.
20 Es verdad que golpeó una piedra
y que hizo que brotaran
grandes torrentes de agua,
¡pero no podrá alimentarnos!
¡No va a poder darnos carne!»
21 Cuando Dios oyó lo que decían,
se encendió su enojo contra ellos,
22 pues no confiaron en él
ni creyeron que podría ayudarlos.
23-24 Dios, desde el alto cielo,
les dio una orden a las nubes,
y del cielo llovió comida:
Dios les dio a comer maná,
que es el pan del cielo.
25 Dios les mandó mucha comida,
y aunque eran gente insignificante
comieron como los ángeles.
26 Luego, con su poder
Dios hizo que desde el cielo
soplaran vientos encontrados.
27 ¡Dios hizo que les lloviera carne
como si les lloviera polvo!
¡Les mandó nubes de pájaros,
tantos como la arena del mar!
28 Dios dejó caer esos pájaros
dentro y fuera del campamento,
29 y la gente se hartó de comer,
pues Dios les cumplió su capricho.
30 No les duró mucho el gusto:
todavía tenían la comida en la boca
31 cuando Dios se enojó contra ellos.
¡Les quitó la vida
a sus hombres más fuertes!
¡Hirió de muerte
a los mejores israelitas!
32 Pero ellos siguieron pecando;
dudaron del poder de Dios.
33 Por eso Dios les quitó la vida;
¡les envió una desgracia repentina,
y acabó con su existencia!
34 Ellos solo buscaban a Dios
cuando él los castigaba;
solo así se arrepentían
y volvían a obedecerlo;
35 solo entonces se acordaban
del Dios altísimo,
su protector y libertador.
36-37 Nunca le decían la verdad;
nunca le fueron sinceros
ni cumplieron fielmente su pacto.
38 Pero Dios, que es compasivo,
les perdonó su maldad
y no los destruyó.
Más de una vez refrenó su enojo,
39 pues tomó en cuenta
que eran simples seres humanos;
sabía que son como el viento
que se va y no vuelve.
40 Muchas veces, en el desierto,
se rebelaron contra Dios
y lo hicieron ponerse triste.
41 Muchas veces lo pusieron a prueba;
¡hicieron enojar al santo Dios de Israel!
42 No se acordaron del día
cuando Dios, con su poder,
los libró de sus enemigos.
43 Tampoco recordaron
los grandes milagros
que Dios hizo en Egipto,
44 cuando convirtió en sangre
todos los ríos egipcios,
y el agua no se podía beber.
45 Les mandó moscas y ranas,
que todo lo destruían;
46 dejó que los saltamontes
acabaran con todos sus sembrados;
47 destruyó sus viñas con granizo,
y sus higueras, con inundaciones;
48 dejó que los rayos y el granizo
acabaran con sus vacas y sus ovejas.
49 Dios estaba tan enojado
que los castigó con dureza;
les mandó todo un ejército
de mensajeros de muerte;
50 dio rienda suelta a su enojo
y les mandó un castigo mortal;
¡no les perdonó la vida!
51 En cada familia egipcia
hirió de muerte a los hijos mayores.
52 Pero a su pueblo lo guio
y lo llevó por el desierto,
como guía el pastor a sus ovejas;
53 les dio seguridad
para que no tuvieran miedo,
pero hizo que a sus enemigos
se los tragara el mar.
54 Dejó que su pueblo ocupara
toda la tierra prometida,
la cual ganó con su poder.
55 Conforme avanzaban los israelitas,
Dios echaba fuera a las naciones,
y a Israel le entregó
las tierras de esos pueblos.
¡Fue así como los israelitas
se establecieron allí!
56 Pero pusieron a Dios a prueba:
se opusieron al Dios altísimo
y desobedecieron sus mandatos;
57 no eran dignos de confianza;
se portaron igual que sus padres,
pues traicionaron a Dios
y no le fueron fieles.
58-59 Dios se puso muy furioso
y rechazó del todo a Israel;
se sintió traicionado
pues adoraron a dioses falsos
y les construyeron santuarios.
60 Por eso Dios abandonó Siló,
que era donde vivía en este mundo;
61 ¡dejó que el cofre del pacto,
que era el símbolo de su poder,
cayera en manos enemigas!
62 Tanto se enojó con su pueblo
que los hizo perder sus batallas.
63 El fuego acabó con sus muchachos,
las novias no tuvieron fiesta de bodas,
64 sus sacerdotes perdieron la vida,
y sus viudas no les guardaron luto.
65 Pero Dios despertó,
como quien despierta de un sueño,
y dando rienda suelta a su furia
66 puso en retirada a sus enemigos;
¡para siempre los dejó en vergüenza!
67 Se negó a favorecer
a los de la tribu de Efraín,
68 pero eligió a la tribu de Judá
y a su amada Jerusalén.
69 En lo alto del monte Sión
construyó su templo:
alto como los cielos,
y firme para siempre, como la tierra.
70-71 Dios prefirió a David,
que era su hombre de confianza,
y lo quitó de cuidar ovejas
para que cuidara a Israel,
que es el pueblo de Dios.
72 Y David fue un gobernante
inteligente y sincero.
Maschil of Asaph.
1 Give ear, O my people, to my law: incline your ears to the words of my mouth.
2 I will open my mouth in a parable: I will utter dark sayings of old:
3 Which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us.
4 We will not hide them from their children, shewing to the generation to come the praises of the LORD, and his strength, and his wonderful works that he hath done.
5 For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children:
6 That the generation to come might know them, even the children which should be born; who should arise and declare them to their children:
7 That they might set their hope in God, and not forget the works of God, but keep his commandments:
8 And might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God.
9 The children of Ephraim, being armed, and carrying bows, turned back in the day of battle.
10 They kept not the covenant of God, and refused to walk in his law;
11 And forgat his works, and his wonders that he had shewed them.
12 Marvellous things did he in the sight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.
13 He divided the sea, and caused them to pass through; and he made the waters to stand as an heap.
14 In the daytime also he led them with a cloud, and all the night with a light of fire.
15 He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths.
16 He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers.
17 And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness.
18 And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.
19 Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?
20 Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?
21 Therefore the LORD heard this , and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;
22 Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation:
23 Though he had commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven,
24 And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven.
25 Man did eat angels’ food: he sent them meat to the full.
26 He caused an east wind to blow in the heaven: and by his power he brought in the south wind.
27 He rained flesh also upon them as dust, and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea:
28 And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, round about their habitations.
29 So they did eat, and were well filled: for he gave them their own desire;
30 They were not estranged from their lust. But while their meat was yet in their mouths,
31 The wrath of God came upon them, and slew the fattest of them, and smote down the chosen men of Israel.
32 For all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works.
33 Therefore their days did he consume in vanity, and their years in trouble.
34 When he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and enquired early after God.
35 And they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer.
36 Nevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth, and they lied unto him with their tongues.
37 For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.
38 But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.
39 For he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.
40 How oft did they provoke him in the wilderness, and grieve him in the desert!
41 Yea, they turned back and tempted God, and limited the Holy One of Israel.
42 They remembered not his hand, nor the day when he delivered them from the enemy.
43 How he had wrought his signs in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of Zoan:
44 And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.
45 He sent divers sorts of flies among them, which devoured them; and frogs, which destroyed them.
46 He gave also their increase unto the caterpiller, and their labour unto the locust.
47 He destroyed their vines with hail, and their sycomore trees with frost.
48 He gave up their cattle also to the hail, and their flocks to hot thunderbolts.
49 He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and trouble, by sending evil angels among them .
50 He made a way to his anger; he spared not their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence;
51 And smote all the firstborn in Egypt; the chief of their strength in the tabernacles of Ham:
52 But made his own people to go forth like sheep, and guided them in the wilderness like a flock.
53 And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
54 And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, even to this mountain, which his right hand had purchased.
55 He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.
56 Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:
57 But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow.
58 For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.
59 When God heard this , he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:
60 So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men;
61 And delivered his strength into captivity, and his glory into the enemy’s hand.
62 He gave his people over also unto the sword; and was wroth with his inheritance.
63 The fire consumed their young men; and their maidens were not given to marriage.
64 Their priests fell by the sword; and their widows made no lamentation.
65 Then the Lord awaked as one out of sleep, and like a mighty man that shouteth by reason of wine.
66 And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.
67 Moreover he refused the tabernacle of Joseph, and chose not the tribe of Ephraim:
68 But chose the tribe of Judah, the mount Zion which he loved.
69 And he built his sanctuary like high palaces , like the earth which he hath established for ever.
70 He chose David also his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds:
71 From following the ewes great with young he brought him to feed Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance.
72 So he fed them according to the integrity of his heart; and guided them by the skilfulness of his hands.